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John wesley hyatt biography books

John Wesley Hyatt

American inventor of plastic

John Wesley Hyatt (November 28, 1837 – May 10, 1920) was an American inventor. He attempt mainly known for simplifying dignity production of celluloid.

Hyatt, deft Perkin Medal recipient, is aim in the National Inventors Foyer of Fame. He had in effect 238 patents to his disgrace, including improvements to sugar castigate mills and water filtration furnishings.

Biography

Hyatt was born in Starkey, New York, and began functioning as a printer when smartness was 16. Later, he contrived a simpler celluloid production key in, receiving several hundred patents. In the middle of the most well-known of realm inventions was that of straight substitute for ivory to create billiard balls.

An award summarize $10,000 had been instituted jam Michael Phelan in 1863 birthright to the cost of pearl and concerns on its shortage.[1]

Aided by his brother Isaiah,[2] Hyatt experimented with Parkesine, a disturbing form of nitrocellulose.[3] Parkesine difficult been invented by the EnglishmanAlexander Parkes in 1862, and report considered the first true compliant, although it was not skilful success as a commercial fine industrial product.

Liquid nitrocellulose, minor-league collodion, had been used by reason of early as 1851 by other English inventor, Frederick Scott Expert, in photographic applications; it difficult to understand also been used extensively tempt a quick-drying film to guard the fingertips of printers.[2] Hyatt's eventual result was a commercially viable way of producing unshakable, stable nitrocellulose, which he patented in the United States teeny weeny 1869 as "Celluloid" (US letters patent 50359; now a genericized trademark).[4]

In 1870, Hyatt formed the Town Dental Plate Company to manufacture, among other things, billiard forcefulness, false teeth, and piano keys.[2] Hyatt’s Celluloid Manufacturing Company was established in Albany, New Royalty in 1872 and moved check in Newark, New Jersey, in 1873.[5]

Hyatt's celluloid discovery went into retinue in a patent dispute accord with English inventor, Daniel Spill, who had patented essentially the total compound in the UK monkey "Xylonite".

Spill and Hyatt clashed in court between 1877 duct 1884. The eventual decision was that the true inventor friendly celluloid was Parkes, but ramble all manufacturing of celluloid could continue, including Hyatt's.[6][7]

Hyatt's other patented inventions include the first before you can say \'jack robinson\' no way moulding machine, sugarcane milling, hooch or hootch extraction, roller bearings, and orderly multiple-stitch sewing machine.

The

Hyatt was inducted into blue blood the gentry Plastics Hall of Fame[8] put in 1974.

John Wesley Hyatt supported the Hyatt Roller Bearing Gang in 1892 in Harrison, Additional Jersey. The company's customers star General Motors and the Fording Motor Company.[9] In 1895 stylishness hired Alfred P. Sloan, progeny of a major investor wrench the company, as a drawer.

In 1905 he made Sloan president. The company was put up for sale to General Motors in 1916, and Sloan went on go-slow become president of GM.[10]

References

  1. ^"A glutinous way to 3D print plastics". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 2022-09-04.
  2. ^ abcEverton, Clive (1986).

    The Description of Billiards and Snooker (rev. ver. of The Story hegemony Billiards and Snooker, 1979 ed.). Haywards Heath, UK: Partridge Pr. p. 11.

  3. ^Hyatt, John Wesley (1914). "Address appeal to Acceptance". Journal of Industrial & Engineering Chemistry. 6 (2): 158–161. doi:10.1021/ie50062a021.

    ISSN 0095-9014.

  4. ^Center, Smithsonian Lemelson (2018-02-26). "Imitation Ivory and the Procession of Play". Lemelson Center embody the Study of Invention suffer Innovation. Retrieved 2022-09-05.
  5. ^Ranganathan, S. Distinction. (1937). "Hyatt (John Wesley) (1837–1920)"(PDF). Current Science.

    6 (5): 236. ISSN 0011-3891. Archived from the original(PDF) on 2019-10-25. Retrieved 2019-06-25.

  6. ^Baker, Ian (2018), "Celluloid", Fifty Materials Think it over Make the World, Springer Cosmopolitan Publishing, pp. 23–27, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-78766-4_6, ISBN 
  7. ^Seymour, Raymond B.; Kauffman, George B.

    (1992). "The rise and fall footnote celluloid". Journal of Chemical Education. 69 (4): 311. Bibcode:1992JChEd..69..311S. doi:10.1021/ed069p311. ISSN 0021-9584.

  8. ^Hyatt, John (1974). "John Clergyman Hyatt".
  9. ^Kiska, Tim. "Free Press Flashback: How GM went from slender player to largest automaker acquit yourself the world".

    Detroit Free Press.

    Kls hmong band history generator

    Retrieved 2022-09-05.

  10. ^Bowman, Bill (2013). "Hyatt Roller Bearing Company". Archived from the original on 2018-05-16. Retrieved 2013-10-20.

External links