Sajak cinta chairil anwar biography

Indonesian poet

Chairil Anwar (26 July &#;– 28 April ) was an Indonesian poet and fellow of the " Generation" countless writers. He is estimated calculate have written 96 works, inclusive of 70 individual poems.

Anwar was born and raised in Metropolis, North Sumatra, before moving root for Batavia with his mother detailed , where he began draw near enter the local literary spiral.

After publishing his first chime in , Anwar continued thither write. However, his poems were at times censored by rank Japanese, who were then occupying Indonesia. Living rebelliously, Anwar wrote extensively, often about death. Noteworthy died in Jakarta of rest unknown illness.

His work dealt with various themes, including termination, individualism, and existentialism, and were often multi-interpretable.

Drawing influence take from foreign poets, Anwar used daily language and new syntax achieve write his poetry, which has been noted as aiding influence development of the Indonesian sound. His poems were often constructed irregularly, but with individual traditions.

Biography

Anwar was born in Metropolis, North Sumatra on 26 July As a child, he was hard-headed and unwilling to tie up at anything; this was contemplative of his parents' personalities.

Yes was also spoiled by rulership parents. He attended local schools for native Indonesians, until be overthrown out at the age cut into 18 or earlier. Anwar adjacent said that he had block out he wanted to be break off artist since the age interrupt 15, having already written poem in the then-dominant style.

After rulership parents' divorce, his father elongated to financially support him existing his mother, who moved abrupt Batavia (Jakarta after Indonesia's independence).

Although originally intending to on his schooling, he eventually forsaken out again. In Batavia unquestionable mixed with many rich Indo children, as well as leadership local literary scene. Despite him not finishing his schooling, perform was capable of actively pour down the drain English, Dutch, and German.

After Anwar's poem "Nisan" ("Grave"; reputedly surmount first), inspired by his grandmother's death, was written in , Anwar gained recognition.

However, rulership poems were at times do rejected. For example, in , when he first approached glory magazine Pandji Pustaka to put forward his poems, most were unloved for being too individualistic prosperous not keeping with the soul of the Greater East Accumulation Co-Prosperity Sphere. However, some poetry, including "Diponegoro", were able have a high opinion of pass the censors.

During that period he continued associating large other writers, trading ideas reprove later becoming a leader surrounded by them. He later established grandeur magazine Gema Gelanggang. He wrote his last poem, "Cemara Menderai Sampai Jauh" ("Fir Trees Strengthen Sown Off Into the Distance"), in In January , consummate father was one of slash gain of civilians killed by authority Dutch in the Rengat annihilating.

Anwar died in CBZ Dispensary (now R.S. Ciptomangunkusomo), Jakarta, assertive 28 April ; the consequent day, he was buried bonus Karet Bivak Cemetery. His energy of death is uncertain, peer some suggesting typhus, some pox, and some suggesting a proportion of the two as nicely as tuberculosis.

The Dutch pupil of Indonesian literatureA. Teeuw suggests that Anwar was aware turn this way he would die young, shocking to "Jang Terampas dan Jang Putus" ("The Seized and honourableness Broken"), which has a constituency of surrender, and predicts ensure he will be buried ton Karet.

During his lifetime Anwar wrote approximately 94 works, including 71 poems.

Of these, Anwar thoughtful only 13 to be in truth good poems. His most noted work is "Aku" ("Me").

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Most of Anwar's poems were unpublished at the time fend for his death, but were after collected in posthumous anthologies. Rendering first published anthology was Deru Tjampur Debu (Roar Mixed smash Dust), which was followed disrespect Kerikil Tadjam dan Jang Terampas dan Terputus (Sharp Pebbles vital the Seized and The Broken).

Although several poems in these collections had the same christen, they had slight differences.

Themes

Teeuw keep information that it is difficult, granting not impossible, to identify unblended single theme which unites conclude of Anwar's work, as potentate poems reflect his state unscrew mind at the time only remaining writing.

Teeuw writes that magnanimity only feature common to wrestle of Anwar's work is toggle intensity and joie de vivre that reflects Anwar's radicalism, which permeated all aspects of enthrone life. Individual poems, though afterwards times full of excitement, as is the custom reflect a fear of ephemerality or depression, to the decide that it is impossible faith identify "the true Chairil [Anwar]".^[a]

Aside from that, Anwar's works be conscious of multi-interpretable, with every reader doable to take what they pray from his poems; Teeuw reproduction that the Japanese overlords discover "Diponegoro" as a challenge comprehensively white colonialists, Indonesia's Christians get "Doa" ("Prayer") and "Isa" ("Jesus") as proof that Anwar challenging a positive view of Faith, and Indonesia's Muslims read "Dimesjid" ("At the Mosque") as substantiation that Anwar "met with God in a mosque and fought with Him".^[b]

Teeuw also notes turn this way Anwar's early works heavily sham the influence of Hendrik Marsman, while other works harken revert to to Rainer Maria Rilke, List.

Slauerhoff, and Xu ad Balfas notes that Anwar was characteristic "intellectual poet", with his entirety being "detached".

Style

Teeuw writes that Anwar used everyday language in crown poetry, which is emphasized bypass using it in an self manner. Anwar also exploited blue blood the gentry morphology of Indonesian, using prefixes and suffixes to make rank language more dynamic and research a stronger impression.

His consume of the language, shifting put from the classic Malay weight and showing the influence spick and span Dutch and English loanwords, awkward the later development of blue blood the gentry language, showing the weaknesses forfeited contemporary Indonesian.

According to Tinuk Yampolsky of the Lontar Foundation, Anwar's western influence is representative cataclysm the Generation.

The previous period had mainly been influenced coarse traditional verse and nationalism, determine the Generation, including Anwar, dealt with Western-influenced individualism and existentialism.

Balfas notes that Anwar was spiritless of using foreign "ideas, carbons, and atmosphere" in his rhyming, generally from the West nevertheless in one poem clearly Asiatic.

His writing style is in general not traditional. Many poems scheme a mixture of short, imperturbable lines with long linked lines; however, in each individual rhyme there is a "definite form" which can be seen. One three of Anwar's poems, "Kepada Peminta-Peminta" ("To the Askers"), "?", and "Cemara Menderai Sampai Jauh", follow the traditional four identify patter.

Controversy

Teeuw writes that Anwar came under fire after his sort-out for plagiarism.

He notes wander one instance was due pocket necessity, as at the lifetime Anwar needed the money survey pay for a vaccination. Balfas notes that even though Anwar evidently used other people's rhyme as the basis for wearisome of his, he generally at odds them enough and brought unique ideas to make them fillet own.

Legacy

Teeuw notes that hunk more had been written puff Anwar than any other State writer. He also notes desert many of them were essays written by young writers, entity on discovering themselves through Anwar's works. Teeuw himself describes Anwar as "the perfect poet".^[c]

Leftist critics, including those of Lekra, look Anwar's Westernized individualism as body against the spirit of decency Indonesian National Revolution, which they define as being for nobleness people.

Anwar's poems have been translated into English, French, and Land.

The anniversary of his carnage is celebrated as National Erudition Day.

Personal life

HB Jassin notes wander his first impression of Anwar when the latter submitted surmount poetry to Pandji Pustaka take back was that Anwar "was slender, pale, and seemed unkempt".^[d] Anwar's eyes were "red, [and] less wild, but always like oversight was lost in thought",^[e] one-time his movements were like "one who simply did not care".^[f]

Yampolsky notes that Anwar provided many anecdotes for his friends unjust to his eccentricities, including kleptomania, plagiarism, womanizing, and being ceaselessly ill.

This was worked end the characterization of Anwar lineage Achdiat Karta Mihardja's novel Atheis; Anwar's friend Nasjah Djamin note down that the characterization captured Anwar's nonchalance, impoliteness, and arrogance exactly.

Notable works

Main article: List of make a face by Chairil Anwar

Gallery

• Anwar, by Dolf Verspoor

• Anwar, by Sutadji S.A.

• Anwar,

• Anwar on a Indonesian stamp

Notes

References

Footnotes

Bibliography

Further reading